Everything about Martin Noth totally explained
Martin Noth (
August 3,
1902 –
May 30,
1968) was a
German scholar of the
Hebrew Bible who specialized in the pre-Exilic history of the Hebrews. With
Gerhard von Rad he pioneered the traditional-historical approach to biblical studies, emphasising the role of oral traditions in the formation of the biblical texts.
Life
Noth was born in
Dresden,
Kingdom of Saxony. He studied at the universities of
Erlangen,
Rostock, and
Leipzig and taught at
Greifswald and
Königsberg.
From 1939-41 and 1943-45, Noth served as a soldier during
World War II. After the war he taught at
Bonn,
Göttingen,
Tübingen,
Hamburg, and
University of Basel. He died during an expedition in the
Negev,
Israel.
Influence
Noth first attracted widespread attention with "Das System der zwölf Stämme Israels" (“The Scheme of the Twelve Tribes of Israel”, 1930), positing that the
Twelve Tribes of Israel didn't exist prior to the covenant assembly at
Shechem described in the
book of Joshua.
"
A History of Pentateuchal Traditions," (1948, English translation 1972) set out a new model for the composition of the
Pentateuch, or Torah. Noth supplemented the dominant model of the time, the
documentary hypothesis, seeing the
Pentateuch as composed of blocks of traditional material accreted round some key historical experiences. He identified these experiences as "Guidance out of Egypt," "Guidance into the Arable Land," "Promise to the Patriarchs," "Guidance in the Wilderness" and "Revelation at Sinai," the details of the narrative serving to fill out the thematic outline.
Even more revolutionary and influential, quite reorienting the emphasis of modern scholarship, was "The Deuteronomistic History". In this work Noth argued that the earlier theory of several
Deuteronomist redactions of the books from
Joshua to
Kings didn't explain the facts, and instead proposed that they formed a unified "
Deuteronomic history", the product of a single author working in the late 7th century.
Noth also published commentaries on all the five books of the Pentateuch:
Genesis,
Exodus,
Leviticus,
Deuteronomy, and
Numbers. Following Wellhausen's hypothesis, Noth proposed that the
book of Joshua plus the Pentateuch originally formed a six-book work, the
Hexateuch.
Publications
- Martin Noth, A History of Pentateuchal Traditions
- Martin Noth, History of Israel: Biblical History
- Martin Noth, The Deuteronomistic History
Articles
- "Die Wege der Pharaonenheere in Palästina und Syrien. Untersuchungen zu den hieroglyphischen Listen palästinischer und syrischer Städte. III. Der Aufbau der Palästinaliste Thutmoses III.", ZDPV 61 (1938), pp.26-65.
Further Information
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